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Spedifen 200 mg Ibuprofen 12 tablets
Over-the-counter medication

Spedifen 200 mg Ibuprofen 12 tablets

Brand : Zambon Zambon
€2.72 EXCL. VAT €2.99 INCL. VAT
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Reference : 3400936081338
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Spedifen 200 MG TABLETS 20 DENTAL PAIN: This medicine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). He struggles against the pain and reduce fever. Its anti-inflammatory properties are manifested in high doses. It is used in the treatment of acute fever and pain (headache, dental pain, aches, painful periods ...). The tablets are also used in adults for the treatment of migraine.

SPEDIFEN 200 MG

Warning: This is a medicine. Before use, read the instructions carefully. If in doubt, do not hesitate to contact your pharmacist.

SPEDIFEN 200 MG DENTAL PAIN 20 TABLETS

All medicines containing ibuprofen (nurofen, advil spedifen) on your online pharmacy without a prescription.

Description of Spedifen 200 mg

The drug Spedifen 200 contains a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: ibuprofen . Spedifen 200 is indicated in adults and children over 30 kg (approximately 11-12 years) for the short-term treatment of dental pain . It can also be used in the treatment of fever and / or pain such as headache, flu-like illness, body aches, painful periods.

Mode of action of ibuprofen

Ibuprofen belongs to the class of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). This classification designates the entire group of drugs with antipyretic (against fever), analgesic (against pain) and anti-inflammatory (against inflammation) properties. These drugs all work the same way, inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation. *

Using advice and opinion on Spedifen 200 mg

The drug Spedifen 200 Dental Pain contains a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: ibuprofen. Spedifen 200 is indicated for adults and children over 30 kg (about 11-12 years old).
Spedifen is also recommended to treat mucus and joint pain, and pain related to contractures of various types (rheumatic pain, contractures resulting from sports, torticollis and back pain). You can then combine a local natural treatment, the Spedicare 24 hour phyto-complex patches .

Composition of spedifen 200 mg

quantity per sachet Ibuprofen 200 mg Sodium 55 mg Sucrose 1.8 g

Presentation of spedifen 200 mg

Box of 20 tablets

Drug warnings

Attention, the drug is not a product like the others. Read the package leaflet carefully before ordering. Keep medicines out of the reach of children. If symptoms persist, seek the advice of your doctor or pharmacist. Beware of incompatibilities on your current products.

  • Please inform your online pharmacist of the treatments in progress in order to identify any incompatibilities. The order validation form contains a personalized message field provided for this purpose.
  • Click here to find the leaflet for this medication on the website of the National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products.

Pharmacovigilance Report an adverse drug reaction(s)

Download PDF leaflet

NOTICE

ANSM - Updated on: 24/07/2017

Name of the medicinal product

SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet

Ibuprofen

framed

Please read this leaflet carefully before you start using this medicine because it contains important information for you.

You should always use this medication exactly as prescribed in this leaflet or by your doctor or pharmacist.

· Keep this leaflet. You might need to read it again.

· Ask your pharmacist for advice or information.

· If you experience any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This also applies to any side effects not mentioned in this leaflet. See section 4.

· You should contact your doctor if you experience no improvement or if you feel less well after 3 days in case of fever or 5 days in case of pain.

What is in this leaflet?

1. What is SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets and when is it used?

2. What should I tell you before taking SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet?

3. How to take SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet?

4. What are the possible side effects?

5. How to store SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets?

6. Package contents and other information.

1. WHAT IS SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet AND WHAT IT IS USED FOR?

Pharmacotherapeutic group - ATC code: OTHER ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS - N02B

This medicine contains a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: ibuprofen. In adults and children over 20 kg (about 6 years), it is indicated in the short-term treatment of fever and / or pain such as headache, flu-like conditions, dental pain, aches and pains.

2. BEFORE YOU TAKE SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet?

Do not take SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets:

· after 5 months of pregnancy (24 weeks of amenorrhea),

· if you have a history of wheezing, asthma, runny nose, allergy (swelling or urticaria) after using aspirin or other similar painkillers / anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs),

· if you are allergic to ibuprofen or any of the other ingredients of this medication mentioned in section 6,

· if you have a history of gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers associated with previous NSAID treatments,

· if you have an ulcer or bleeding from the stomach or bowel in progress or recurring,

· if you have gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage or other ongoing hemorrhage, such as ulcerative colitis (chronic inflammation of the intestine),

· if you have severe liver disease,

· if you have a serious kidney disease,

· if you have a predisposition to bleeding,

· if you have a serious heart disease,

· if you have systemic lupus erythematosus,

· child under 6 years old because it can swallow and choke.

Warnings and Precautions

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet.

In high doses, greater than 1200 mg / day, this drug has anti-inflammatory properties and can cause serious disadvantages that are observed with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Anti-inflammatory / analgesic drugs such as ibuprofen are likely to be associated with a slightly increased risk of heart attack or stroke, especially when used at high doses.

Do not exceed recommended dosage or treatment time.

Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet if you have:

- heart problems, angina pectoris (chest pain) or if you have had a heart attack, surgical bypass surgery, peripheral arterial disease (poor circulation in the legs or feet due to narrowed or blocked arteries ) or any type of stroke (including "mini-strokes" or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs))

- high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, a family history of heart disease or stroke, or if you are a smoker.

If you are a woman, SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet can alter your fertility. This effect is reversible upon discontinuation of treatment . Its use is not recommended in women who wish to conceive a child. In women with reproductive difficulties or in whom breast function tests are ongoing, please tell your doctor or pharmacist before taking SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet.

Elderly patients have a higher risk of adverse effects, particularly for gastrointestinal haemorrhage, ulcers and perforations. Renal, hepatic and cardiac functions should be closely monitored. The dosage should be as low as possible for the shortest time needed to relieve symptoms.

NSAIDs such as ibuprofen may mask and / or aggravate the symptoms of an infection.

Do not exceed the recommended dose or treatment time (3 days for fever and 5 days for pain).

The regular and prolonged use of analgesics can lead to headaches and kidney damage. If this happens or is suspected, stop treatment and contact a doctor.

Special attention should be paid to ibuprofen if you are severely dehydrated.

Caution is advised if you have collagen / connective tissue diseases other than systemic lupus erythematosus (see section "Do not take SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets").

This medicine contains sodium. This medicine contains 41 mg sodium per tablet. To be taken into account in patients controlling their sodium dietary intake.

BEFORE YOU USE THIS MEDICINE, CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR IN CASE:

· a history of asthma associated with chronic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis or polyps in the nose. Administration of this specialty may lead to an asthma attack, especially in certain individuals who are allergic to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) or to a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( see section "Do not take SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet" ),

· coagulation disorders, and anticoagulant therapy. This medication may cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms,

· digestive antecedents (hiatal hernia, digestive hemorrhage, ulcer of the stomach or of the old duodenum),

· heart disease, liver or kidney disease,

· of varicella. This medication is not recommended because of exceptional severe infections of the skin,

· concomitant treatment with other drugs that increase the risk of peptic ulcer or haemorrhage, for example, oral corticosteroids, antidepressants (SSRIs, ie Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ), medicines preventing the formation of blood clots such as aspirin or anticoagulants such as warfarin. If you are in any of these conditions, talk to your doctor before taking SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet ( see section "Other medicines and SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet" ),

· concomitant therapy with methotrexate at doses greater than 20 mg per week or with pemetrexed ( see section "Other medicines and SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet" ).

DURING TREATMENT, IN CASE OF:

· of vision problems, PREVENT YOUR DOCTOR,

· gastrointestinal haemorrhage (discharge from the mouth or stool, stool coloration in black), STOP TREATMENT AND IMMEDIATELY CONTACT AN EMERGENCY MEDICAL OR MEDICAL SERVICE,

· of appearances of cutaneous or mucosal signs that resemble a burn (redness with bubbles or blisters, ulcerations), STOP THE TREATMENT AND CONTACT IMMEDIATELY A DOCTOR OR AN EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE,

· of allergy-related signs including asthma attack or sudden swelling of the face and neck ( see section "What are the possible side effects?" ), STOP TREATMENT AND CONTACT IMMEDIATELY A DOCTOR OR A MEDICAL SERVICE EMERGENCY.

This medicine contains a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: ibuprofen.

You should not take other medicines containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors) and / or acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) at the same time as this medication. Read carefully the instructions for other medicines you are taking to ensure that there are no nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and / or acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).

Adolescents (age ≥ 12 years and <18 years

There is a risk of kidney damage in dehydrated children / adolescents.

Other medicines and SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet

Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or may take any other medicines. SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet is likely to affect or be affected by certain other medications. For example :

· aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

· corticosteroids

· anti-coagulant drugs (ie, which fluidize the blood / prevent the appearance of clots such as aspirin / acetylsalicylic acid, warfarin, ticlopidine)

· lithium

· methotrexate

· medicines that reduce high blood pressure (angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as captopril, beta-blockers such as atenolol, angiotensin-II receptor antagonists such as losartan)

· some antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)

· pemetrexed

· ciclosporin, tacrolimus

· zidovudine (treatment for HIV infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)

· hypoglycaemic agents (treatment for diabetes including insulin)

· voriconazole or fluconazole (anti-mycotic treatment)

· mifepristone (abortion pill)

· antibiotics of the quinolone family

· phytotherapy products containing gingko biloba

· antibiotics aminoglycosides

Some other medicines are likely to affect or be affected by treatment with SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet. Therefore, you should always seek advice from your doctor or pharmacist before using SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet along with other medicines.

This medication is likely to affect the results of diagnostic tests (bleeding time, blood sugar, etc.). If in doubt, ask your doctor for advice.

SPEDIFEN 200 mg, tablet with food and beverages

Not applicable.

Pregnancy, breast-feeding and fertility

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant or plan a pregnancy, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.

This medication should not be taken during the first 5 months of pregnancy except on medical advice in case of absolute necessity, in brief use.

Do not take this medication in any way after 5 months of pregnancy, as its effects on your child can have serious consequences, especially on a cardiopulmonary and renal plan, even with a single dose.

If you are taking this medication when you are more than five months pregnant, please speak to your obstetrician gynecologist for appropriate monitoring.

Although the product passes into breast milk, no effect is reported on the newborn / suckling infant if ibuprofen is administered at therapeutic doses. Interruption of breastfeeding is generally not necessary in the case of short-term treatment at the recommended dose.

Ibuprofen belongs to the class of medicines that can alter female fertility. However, this effect is reversible upon discontinuation of treatment.

Avoid taking this medication if you are pregnant.

Driving and using machines

In rare cases, taking this medicine may cause dizziness and blurred vision.

In the case of single or short-acting treatment, this medication usually does not require any special precautions.

SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet contains sodium.

3. HOW TO TAKE SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet?

The occurrence of adverse reactions can be minimized by using the lowest possible dose for the shortest duration necessary to alleviate the symptoms.

Always take this medication exactly as prescribed in this leaflet or as directed by your doctor or pharmacist. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if in doubt.

ADULT TO ADULT AND CHILD FROM 20 KG (approx. 6 years).

Painful and / or febrile conditions

In children, the usual dosage is 20 to 30 mg / kg / day in 3 doses per day (not to exceed 30 mg / kg / day).

In children from 20 to 30 kg (approximately 6 to 11 years): 1 tablet (200 mg), to be renewed if necessary after 6 hours. In all cases, do not exceed 3 tablets per day (600 mg).

In adults and children over 30 kg (approximately 11-12 years): 1 to 2 tablets (200 mg to 400 mg), to be renewed if necessary after 6 hours. In all cases, do not exceed 6 tablets per day (1200 mg).

The elderly with an increased risk of adverse effects should use the lowest possible dose for the shortest time necessary to relieve symptoms.

Do not exceed the recommended doses or the duration of treatment (3 days in case of fever, 5 days in case of pain).

The maximum dosage is 6 tablets per day (1200 mg).

Oral use.

Swallow the tablet without chewing it with a large glass of water.

The tablets should be taken preferably during a meal.

Systematic catches help to avoid oscillations of pain or fever.

They should be spaced at least 6 hours.

The duration of use is limited to:

· 3 days in case of fever,

· 5 days in case of pain

If the pain persists more than 5 days or the fever more than 3 days, or if they worsen or in the event of another disorder, inform your doctor.

If you feel that the effect of SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet is too strong or too weak, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

If you take more than SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets you should:

Immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.

sYMPTOMS

Symptoms of overdose usually include nausea, stomach pain, vomiting (bloody), diarrhea (bloody), dizziness, spasms, nystagmus (involuntary movement of both eyes) and diplopia (double vision), headaches and buzzing ear. In cases of severe poisoning, impaired renal function, hypotension, decreased consciousness and coma may also occur.

Support for overdose

Transfer to hospital: There is no specific antidote to ibuprofen. The stomach should be emptied as quickly as possible. The patient should, if possible, vomit. Activated charcoal to decrease the absorption of ibuprofen can be administered to the patient.

If you forget to take SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet:

Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.

If you stop taking SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet:

Not applicable.

4. WHAT ARE POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS?

Like all medicines, this medicine may cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

Medications such as SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet may increase the risk of heart attack (myocardial infarction) or stroke.

In all cases listed below, stop treatment immediately and notify your doctor .

Side effects are assessed on the basis of the following frequencies:

· Very common: Touch more than 1 user out of 10

· Common: key 1 to 10 users out of 100

· Uncommon: affects 1 to 10 users in 1,000

· Rare: Touch 1 to 10 users out of 10,000

· Very rare: affects less than 1 user in 10,000

· Indeterminate: The frequency can not be estimated from the available data.

Very common

· Dyspepsia, diarrhea

Frequent

· Abdominal pain, nausea and gas (flatulence)

· Headache, feeling dizzy

· Skin disorder, skin rash

Rare

· Allergic reaction

· Asthma, aggravated asthma, wheezing, respiratory discomfort

· Gastrointestinal deep lesion or wound, vomiting, presence of blood in the stool, gastric mucosal inflammation, slight loss of blood in the stomach and / or intestine

· Subcutaneous or submucosal swelling (eg at the larynx level), haemorrhagic lesion of the skin, itching, urticaria

Rare

· Reduction in the number of platelets in the blood (hemorrhagic risk), reduction in the number of white blood cells (infectious risk), anemia of medullary origin

· Severe allergic reaction

· Visual disturbance

· Hearing Disorder

· Gastrointestinal perforation, constipation, vomiting of blood, inflammation with gum ulcers, aggravated colon inflammation, aggravated Crohn's disease (inflammation of the digestive system)

· Hepatic

· Blood in the urine

· Abnormal liver function test

Very rare

· Severe forms of skin reactions such as skin rashes with redness and scaling, blisters or vesicles (eg Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, Lyell's syndrome)

· Renal insufficiency and inflammatory kidney disease (interstitial nephritis) and organic renal disease (papillary necrosis)

indeterminate

· Anemia

· Severe form of allergic reaction of anaphylactic shock type

· Symptoms of aseptic meningitis

· Papillary edema (swelling of the area of ​​birth of the optic nerve)

· Heart failure

· Blood clots, hypertension, hypotension

· Irritation of the throat

· Anorexia

· Hidden bleeding (passing unnoticed)

· Liver injury, hepatitis, jaundice

· Skin reaction during exposure to sunlight or UV rays, aggravated skin reaction

· Swelling

· Severe skin infections have been observed in cases of chicken pox

· Aggravation of chronic urticaria

· Significant decrease in urine

· Abnormal Kidney Function Test

Declaration of side effects

If you experience any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This also applies to any side effects not mentioned in this leaflet. You can also report adverse reactions directly via the national reporting system: National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) and network of Regional Centers of Pharmacovigilance - Website: www.ansm.sante.fr

By reporting adverse reactions, you are helping to provide more information about the safety of the drug.

5. HOW TO STORE SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet?

Keep this medicine out of the reach and sight of children.

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the carton. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

No special storage conditions.

Do not use this medication if you notice any signs of deterioration.

Do not throw any medicines into drains or rubbish. Ask your pharmacist to remove any medications you are no longer using. These measures will help protect the environment.

6. PACKAGE CONTENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION

What SPEDIFEN 200 mg contains: tablet

· The active substance is:

Ibuprofen................................................. .................................................. 200 mg

For a tablet.

· The other components are:

Arginine, sodium bicarbonate, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, purified water.

What is SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablet and contents of the pack

This medicine comes in tablet form.

Box of 12, 16, 20 and 30 tablets.

Marketing Authorization Holder

ZAMBON FRANCE SA

13 RUE RENE JACQUES

92138 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX CEDEX

Marketing Authorization Operator

ZAMBON FRANCE SA

13 RUE RENE JACQUES

92138 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX CEDEX

Maker

ZAMBON SPA

VIA DELLA CHIMICA, 9

36100 VICENZA

ITALY

Names of the medicinal product in the Member States of the European Economic Area

Not applicable.

The last date on which this leaflet was revised is:

[to be completed later by the holder]

Other

Detailed information on this medicine is available on the ANSM website (France).

HEALTH EDUCATION COUNCIL

"WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF FEVER":

The normal temperature of the body is variable from one individual to another and between 36.5 ° C and 37.5 ° C. An increase of more than 0.8 ° C is considered a fever.

In adults and children over 20 kg (approx. 6 years): If the disorder is too troublesome, you can take a medication containing ibuprofen at the indicated dosage.

With this medication, the fever should drop rapidly. Nevertheless :

· if other signs appear (such as a rash),

· if the fever persists for more than 3 days or if it worsens,

· if the headache becomes violent, or in case of vomiting,

CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY.

"WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF PAIN":

· In the absence of improvement after 5 days of treatment,

· If the pain returns regularly,

· If accompanied by fever,

· If she wakes you up at night,

CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY.

VIDAL OF THE FAMILY

SPEDIFEN 200 mg

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

ibuprofen

. Presentations . Composition . Indications . Contraindications . Warning . Drug Interactions . Pregnancy and breastfeeding . Directions for use and dosage . Advice . Undesirable effects . Lexicon

PRESENTATIONS (summary)

SPEDIFEN 200 mg tablets; box of 20.
-

Laboratory Zambon France

COMPOSITION (summary)
p cp
Ibuprofen 200 mg
Sodium 41 mg

INDICATIONS (summary)
This drug is a non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID ). It combats pain and lowers the fever. Its anti-inflammatory properties manifest in high doses.
It is used in the short-term treatment of fever and pain (headaches, dental pain, muscle aches, painful periods ...).
CONTRAINDICATIONS (summary)
This medication should not be used in the following cases:
WARNING (Contents)
Prolonged treatment or overdosage of NSAIDs may result in serious adverse reactions.
Some situations should lead to further treatment only after medical advice:
  • severe heartburn or black and foul-smelling stools that may indicate irritation or bleeding of the digestive tract;
  • rash without obvious cause;
  • asthma attack ;
  • unusual and intense fatigue, or a sharp and significant decrease in the volume of urine in a person suffering from heart failure , dehydration or diuretic treatment.
The use of NSAIDs is not recommended in children with varicella: it may increase the risk of infectious, exceptional but potentially serious complications.
Precautions are necessary if there is a history of stomach ulcer or duodenal ulceration or a haemorrhagic risk including digestive disease ( Crohn 's disease , ulcerative colitis ).
NSAIDs have an inhibitory effect on ovulation and are likely to decrease fertility in women. This effect is reversible upon discontinuation of treatment.
Some doctors consider that anti-inflammatories can decrease the effectiveness of intrauterine devices (IUDs) and expose them to an unwanted pregnancy risk. This risk is highly controversial.
Conductor: This medication may be responsible, in rare cases, for dizziness or disturbances of vision.
DRUG INTERACTIONS (summary)
This medication may interact with other medicines, including: Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking a diuretic , an ACE inhibitor , an angiotensin II inhibitor , a beta-blocker, or a medicine containing ciclosporin.
PREGNANCY AND BREAST-FEEDING (summary)
Pregnancy :
Adverse effects to the unborn child have been demonstrated when NSAIDs are used during the last 4 months of pregnancy; the risk exists even with a single intake and even if the pregnancy is over term. The use of this medication is contraindicated during this period.
During the first 5 months, the effect of this medication is poorly understood: only your doctor can evaluate the possible risk of its use in your case.

Breastfeeding:
Ibuprofen passes in very low amounts in breast milk: its use at the recommended doses is possible during breastfeeding.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE AND DOSAGE (summary)
In order to limit the occurrence of digestive disorders , this medication should be taken during meals with a glass of water. However, in the case of acute pain, the fasting catch ensures a faster effect.
The tablets are swallowed with a large glass of water, without being chewed.

Usual dosage:

  • Adult and child over 30 kg (about 11 years): 1 or 2 tablets, to be renewed if necessary every 6 hours. Do not exceed 6 tablets per day.
  • Child of 20 to 30 kg (approximately 6 to 11 years): 1 tablet, to be renewed if necessary after 6 hours. Do not exceed 3 tablets per day.
In the absence of medical advice, the duration of treatment should be limited to 5 days in case of pain and 3 days in case of fever.
TIPS (summary)
This medicinal product may be freely available in certain pharmacies; nevertheless, do not hesitate to ask your pharmacist for advice.
Do not exceed the recommended dosage or duration of treatment recommended by your doctor or pharmacist to limit side effects.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE EFFECTS (summary)
Nausea, vomiting, gastritis .
Rarely:

GLOSSARY (summary)


NSAIDs
Abbreviation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Family of anti-inflammatory drugs that are not derived from cortisone (steroids), and the best known of which is aspirin.


allergy
Skin reaction (itching, pimples, swelling) or general discomfort occurring after contact with a particular substance, use of a medication, or ingestion of food. The main forms of allergy are eczema, urticaria, asthma, angioedema and allergic shock (anaphylactic shock). Food allergy can also result in digestive disorders.


anemia
Reduction in the level of hemoglobin in the blood, which usually results in a decrease in the number of red blood cells. Iron is essential for the synthesis of hemoglobin. Iron deficiency during pregnancy, a vegetarian diet, abundant or repeated haemorrhage (menstruation) is a common cause of anemia. Other causes, more rare, are related to vitamin deficiencies of group B.


antecedent
Affection healed or always in evolution. The antecedent may be personal or family. The background is the history of a person's health.


antiplatelet agents
Medication that prevents the platelets from clumping and therefore the clots from forming. The oldest platelet antiaggregant is aspirin taken in small doses.
Anti-aggregants should not be confused with anticoagulants with a different mechanism of action.


anti coagulants
Medication that prevents blood from coagulating and therefore prevents clots from forming in the blood vessels.
Anticoagulants are used to treat or prevent phlebitis, pulmonary embolism, certain infarcts. They also prevent the formation of clots in the heart during rhythm disorders such as atrial fibrillation or in the case of an artificial heart valve.
There are two main types of anticoagulants:
  • oral anticoagulants, which block the action of vitamin K (antivitamin K, or AVK) and whose effectiveness is controlled by a blood test: INR (formerly TP);
  • injectable anticoagulants derived from heparin, the efficacy of which can be controlled by the blood assay of anti-Xa activity, Howell's Time (TH) or Cephalin Kaolin Time (TCK) depending on the products used. A regular dosage of blood platelets is necessary throughout the life of a heparin derivative.


anti-inflammatory
Medicine that fights against inflammation. It can be either derived from cortisone (steroidal anti-inflammatory), or not derived from cortisone (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory or NSAID).


asthma
Disease characterized by difficulty breathing, often resulting in wheezing. Asthma, permanent or occurring by crisis, is due to a narrowing and inflammation of the bronchi.


beta blockers
Family of drugs used primarily in cardiology. They block the action of adrenaline (and other related hormones) on the heart, vessels and bronchi.


Crohn
inflammation of the intestine, which can cause ulcers and narrowing. It often becomes chronic and can be accompanied by persistent diarrhea and malnutrition.


diuretic
Medication allowing increased kidney water removal. Most often, this loss of water follows the loss of salts caused by the drug (salidiuretic).
Diuretics are mainly used in the treatment of high blood pressure, while their mechanism of action in this disease is poorly understood. They are also prescribed in acute or chronic heart failure, edema and other rarer ailments.
These drugs cause loss of sodium and potassium (except for some of them called "potassium-sparing"). Their prolonged administration therefore requires regular blood potassium control, to avoid heart problems that may result from hypokalemia (lack of potassium in the blood). Lack of sodium is another possible but less frequent consequence of the prolonged use of diuretics; it is also detected by a blood test.


duodenum
A part of the intestine into which food from the stomach penetrates.


skin rash
Appearance of pimples or plaques on the skin. These lesions can be due to a food, a drug, and translate an allergy or a toxic effect. Many viruses can also cause pimple eruptions: rubella, roseola and measles are the most common.


gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach favored by stress, tobacco, alcohol and certain drugs such as aspirin or anti-inflammatory drugs.


hemorrhage
Loss of blood from an artery or vein. Hemorrhage can be external, but also internal and go unnoticed.


angiotensin II inhibitor
These drugs are sometimes called sartans, for the names of the molecules belonging to this family end with sartan (losartan, candesartan, etc.).
This family of drugs blocks the action of angiotensin II, a substance that increases blood pressure and tires the heart.
Angiotensin II inhibitors are used to treat high blood pressure.


ACE inhibitor
This family of drugs blocks the action of an enzyme, which converts angiotensin I (naturally inactive substance) to angiotensin II. This last substance increases blood pressure and fatigue the heart.
ACE inhibitors are used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure or myocardial infarction.


heart failure
Inability of the heart to fulfill its function as a pump. The main symptoms of heart failure are fatigue and shortness of breath during an effort.


Hepatic insufficiency
Inability of the liver to perform its function, which is essentially the elimination of some waste, but also the synthesis of many biological substances essential to the body: albumin, cholesterol and coagulation factors (vitamin K, etc.).


renal failure
Inability of the kidneys to eliminate waste or medicinal substances. Advanced renal insufficiency does not necessarily result in a decrease in the amount of urine excreted. Only a blood test and creatinine dosage may reveal this disease.


lupus erythematosus
Skin disease causing redness of the central part of the face. There are two main forms: discoid lupus (only cutaneous) and disseminated lupus (associated with lesions of the deep organs).


blood count
The count measures the number of red blood cells (red blood cells), white blood cells (leukocytes) and platelets in the blood. The blood formula specifies the percentage of different white blood cells: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes.
Abbreviation: NFS.


edema
Accumulation of water or lymph causing localized swelling.


dosage
Quantity and distribution of the dose of a drug according to the age, weight and general condition of the patient.


allergic reaction
Reaction due to hypersensitivity of the organism to a drug. Allergic reactions can take a wide variety of aspects: urticaria, angioedema, eczema, eruption of pimples resembling measles, etc. Anaphylactic shock is a generalized allergic reaction that causes discomfort due to a sudden drop in blood pressure.


ulcerative colitis
Inflammatory disease of the rectum and colon, which evolves by flare-ups. Each flare is accompanied by fever, bloody stools.


overdose
Excessive intake of a drug may result in an increase in the intensity of adverse effects or even in the development of specific adverse effects.
This overdose may result from accidental or voluntary poisoning for suicide, so consult your local Poison Control Center (listed in the appendix to the book). However, in most cases, overdose is the result of an error in the understanding of the prescription, or the search for an increase in efficacy by exceeding the recommended dosage. Finally, untimely self-medication may lead to excessive absorption of the same substance contained in different drugs. Some drugs are particularly prone to this risk because they are (wrongly) considered to be harmless: vitamins A and D, aspirin, etc. Stopping or decreasing drug intake helps to remove the disorders associated with an overdose.


transaminases
Enzymes dosed in the blood, which rate rises during some hepatitis. They are included in blood tests as SGOT and SGPT or ASAT and ALAT.


digestive disorders
Set of symptoms indicating irritation or malfunction of the digestive tract. One or more disorders may be present: nausea, vomiting, aerophagia, abdominal pain, heartburn, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea or constipation, etc. Antibiotics can promote candidiasis, often responsible for digestive disorders.


ulcer
Injury of skin, mucous membranes or cornea.
  • Leg ulcer: chronic wound due to poor circulation of blood.
  • Gastroduodenal ulcer: a localized wound in the mucosa of the stomach or duodenum due to excess acidity and very often to the presence of a bacterium (Helicobacter pylori). The ulcer is favored by stress, alcohol, smoking and certain medications (aspirin, NSAIDs, etc.).


dizziness
Symptom that can mean an impression of loss of balance (common sense) or, more strictly, a sense of rotation on oneself or the environment (medical sense).

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