What is food diversification and when should you start?
Food diversification refers to the gradual introduction of new foods into a child's diet, in addition to breast or infant milk. This stage is essential for the child's nutritional and sensory development. It should begin at around 6 months of age, according to World Health Organization recommendations, when the child begins to show an interest in solid foods and can sit up with support.
What are the first foods to be introduced during dietary diversification?
The first foods introduced should be easy to digest, low in allergens and rich in essential nutrients. Puréed vegetables such as carrots, zucchinis and sweet potatoes are popular choices. Fruits such as apples and pears, cooked and blended into compote, are also recommended. Gradually, gluten-free infant cereals (such as rice or corn) can be introduced, well cooked and blended.
How to recognize the signs that your child is ready to diversify?
Signs that your child is ready for diversification include the ability to sit still with little or no support, the development of good hand-eye coordination enabling the child to look at food, grasp it and bring it to his or her mouth, and a decrease in the extrusion reflex (pushing food out of the mouth with the tongue).
How can I manage the risk of allergies during food diversification?
To minimize the risk of allergies, introduce potentially allergenic foods such as eggs, fish or dairy products gradually. It is advisable not to introduce more than one new allergenic food at a time, and to monitor reactions for several days before offering another new food.
What textures should be offered to the child during the different phases of diversification?
Start with smooth, liquid textures, such as fine purées or compotes. With time and practice, children can move on to thicker, chunky textures. At around 8 to 10 months, children can begin to explore chunky foods to encourage chewing.
How many meals a day, and in what quantities, should I serve my child when he or she starts to diversify?
Start with a small amount, one to two teaspoons, once a day. Gradually increase the quantity and frequency of meals as the child grows. By the age of one, the child should ideally be participating in the family's three main meals, plus two nutritious snacks.
What role do parents play in food diversification?
Parents play a crucial role in food diversification. It's important to create a calm mealtime environment, allow children to discover foods at their own pace, offer a variety of foods to develop their preferences, and avoid distractions during meals. Parents must also be attentive to the child's hunger and satiety signals, without forcing the child to eat.
How do you introduce protein into your child's diet during the diversification process?
Proteins are essential to a child's development, and should be introduced gradually. Start with easily digestible proteins, such as finely blended meat purées (chicken, turkey) or fish purées (sole, cod). Legumes, such as lentils or chickpeas, can also be introduced in puréed form. Be sure to cook food thoroughly to avoid any health risks.
What impact does dietary diversification have on a child's sleep patterns?
Food diversification can influence a child's sleep patterns. Solid foods during the day can help prolong nocturnal sleep periods by providing longer periods of satiety. However, every child is unique, and some may need a period of adaptation to adjust their sleep routine to dietary changes. It is important to observe and adjust the diet according to the child's reactions.
Is it necessary to give the child water during dietary diversification?
Yes, the introduction of water is recommended right from the start of food diversification. Offering your child a few teaspoons of water during and between meals can help him digest solid foods better and avoid constipation. It also helps the child to get used to drinking from a cup, facilitating the transition from bottle-feeding to breast-feeding.
How should fruit and vegetables be introduced into the baby's diet?
Fruits and vegetables should be introduced one at a time to identify any possible allergic reactions. Start with soft vegetables such as carrots or zucchini, cooked and pureed. Fruits should be ripe and can be served raw in purée or compote. It is beneficial to vary the colors of fruits and vegetables to provide a broad spectrum of vitamins and minerals.
What food safety precautions should be taken during diversification?
Food safety is essential to avoid the risk of infection and illness. Make sure you always wash fruits and vegetables, cook meats and fish at safe temperatures, and cool cooked foods quickly before refrigerating. Avoid high-risk foods such as honey and certain unpasteurized dairy products before the age of one. Also, keep an eye on chunks in purees to avoid choking hazards.
