What is the ENT sphere and what are its main functions?
The ENT sphere refers to all the organs located in the head and neck region, including theear, nose and throat, as well as related structures. It plays a crucial role in vital functions such as hearing, balance, olfaction, breathing and phonation.
- Ear: Comprising the outer, middle and inner ear, it is essential for hearing and balance.
- Nose: Plays a role in breathing and olfaction, and also acts as a filter for airborne particles.
- Throat: Includes the pharynx and larynx, and is vital for breathing, speaking and swallowing.
What are the common symptoms of ENT disorders?
Disorders of the ENT sphere can manifest themselves through a variety of symptoms, depending on the organ affected:
- Ear: Pain, blockage, hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness.
- Nose: nasal obstruction, runny nose, loss of sense of smell, bleeding.
- Throat: pain, difficulty swallowing, voice changes, persistent cough.
How can ENT diseases be prevented?
Preventing diseases of the ENT sphere involves a number of practices:
- Regular hygiene: Careful, regular cleaning of the ears, and maintaining good nasal hygiene.
- Protection against infections: Up-to-date vaccinations and avoiding close contact with sick people.
- Avoid irritants: Reduce exposure to tobacco, pollution and other chemical irritants.
What are the latest innovations in the treatment of ENT pathologies?
Innovations in the ENT field include
- Robotic surgery: minimally invasive techniques for precise interventions, reducing risks and recovery time.
- Gene and molecular therapies: specifically target pathologies at the cellular level for enhanced efficacy.
- Advanced cochlear implants: Significant improvements in implant technology for improved hearing quality.
When should I consult an ENT specialist?
We recommend that you consult an ENT specialist if you experience any of the following symptoms:
- Persistent symptoms: Any ENT symptoms that persist beyond a few days.
- Severe symptoms: Intense pain, sudden hearing loss, heavy bleeding or difficulty breathing.
- Recurrent symptoms: Frequent infections or chronic symptoms that affect quality of life.
What are the common causes of ear infections?
Ear infections, also known as otitis, can be caused by a number of factors:
- Bacterial or viral infections: Often linked to colds or other upper respiratory tract infections.
- Allergies: Can cause inflammation and fluid build-up in the middle ear.
- Water: Stagnant water in the ear after swimming can promote bacterial growth.
- Anatomical abnormalities: such as enlarged adenoids, which can block normal ear drainage.
How to recognize sinusitis and its possible complications?
Sinusitis is an inflammation or infection of the sinuses. Symptoms include
- Facial pain and pressure
- Nasal congestion and thick nasal discharge
- Reduction or loss of sense of smell
- Coughing, especially at night
Complications of untreated sinusitis can include more serious infections such as meningitis, brain abscess, or orbititis.
What treatments are available for sleep apnea related to ENT disorders?
Sleep apnea is often linked to structural abnormalities of the throat and nose. Treatments may include :
- CPAP machines: Provide a continuous flow of air to keep the airway open during sleep.
- Surgical interventions: such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or maxillo-mandibular advancement to increase the size of the airway.
- Dental appliances: Advance the jaw to open the upper airway.
What is a complete audiological examination?
A complete audiological examination evaluates hearing ability and may include :
- Pure tone audiometry: Measures the ability to hear sounds at different frequencies.
- Speech audiometry: Evaluates speech comprehension in a variety of environments.
- Impedancemetry: Examines eardrum mobility and middle ear function.
- Advanced tests: such as Auditory Brainstem Potentials (ABPP), to examine the auditory pathways to the brain.
How important is vestibular rehabilitation for balance disorders?
Vestibular rehabilitation is a type of physical therapy designed for people with balance disorders linked to vestibular problems of the inner ear. It helps to
- Improve stability when standing and moving.
- Reduce symptoms of vertigo and imbalance.
- Improve coordination and minimize the risk of falling.
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