What is Java citronella?
Java lemongrass is an aromatic plant, also known as Cymbopogon winterianus, much appreciated for its lemony fragrance and insect-repellent properties. It belongs to the Poaceae family, along with Ceylon citronella and other varieties of grass. Its fresh, tangy scent comes from a high concentration of certain aromatic compounds, notably citronellal and geraniol. Grown in warm, humid regions, it is widely used in perfumery, cosmetics and various culinary preparations.
Where does Java citronella come from?
Java lemongrassisnative to Southeast Asia, and more specifically to the island of Java in Indonesia, from which it takes its name. It has since been introduced to other tropical and subtropical zones, where it adapts easily thanks to its resistance to humid conditions and sustained sunshine. Well-drained soils rich in organic matter and moderately high temperatures are ideal for its development. Today, it can be found in many producing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
What does it look like?
Java citronella is characterized by clumps of long, slender stems and slender, light-green to grayish-green leaves. Each stem can reach a height of between one and one-and-a-half meters. The slightly swollen base of the stem concentrates a large proportion of its active ingredients. When crumpled, the leaves release an intense lemony fragrance, far more pronounced than that of other lemongrass varieties.
What are its main constituents?
- Essential oils: Java citronella is particularly rich in citronellal, geraniol and citronellol. It is these molecules that give it its powerful aroma and ability to repel certain insects.
- Antioxidants: The polyphenols present in the plant help protect cells against oxidative stress.
- Fiber: Although not always eaten directly, the base of the stalk contains fiber that can aid digestion.
- Minerals: Small amounts of potassium, calcium and magnesium can be found in the edible part of lemongrass.
What are its potential benefits?
How to use it in cooking?
- Broths and soups: Lightly crushed stalks release their aromas in simmered vegetable or fish dishes.
- Marinades: Minced or crushed, it enhances the taste of white meats, shrimps and other seafood, giving them a fresh, lemony note.
- Infusions: A decoction of Java lemongrass makes a light drink, either hot or iced, often combined with ginger or mint for a tonic effect.
- Sauces: Mixed with garlic, onion, coconut milk or chili pepper, lemongrass adds an exotic touch to Asian-inspired dishes.
Can it be used outside the kitchen?
Yes, Java citronella can be used in other areas:
- Essential oil: Diffused into a room or applied locally (with a carrier oil), it can repel mosquitoes and pleasantly perfume the space.
- Household products: Some sprays and candles contain citronella extract, valued for its deodorizing and insect-repellent qualities.
- Home cosmetics: Its astringent properties can be used in toning lotions and soaps to purify the skin and leave a lemony scent.
What precautions should I take?
- Allergies: As with all essential oils, Java citronella oil should be tested on a small area of skin before wider use.
- Internal use: Herbal teas and culinary preparations pose no major problems, provided reasonable quantities are used.
- Pregnant women and young children: As a precaution, essential oils should be used in moderation, under the advice of a health professional.
- Photosensitization: Less affected than other citrus fruits, lemongrass does not present a high risk of photosensitization, but it is advisable to remain vigilant.
How to choose and store Java lemongrass?
- Quality: To take full advantage of its characteristics, opt for fresh, firm, deep-green stalks that show no signs of drying out.
- Origin: Labeled products or products from sustainable cultivation often offer greater guarantees as to the absence of pesticides.
- Storage: Stems can be stored for a few days in the refrigerator, wrapped in a damp cloth. They can also be frozen in pieces.
- Essential oil: Store bottles in a cool, dark place to preserve their effectiveness.
Is it possible to grow Java citronella at home?
Yes, in regions with a warm, humid climate, Java citronella can be planted in the ground. Elsewhere, pot cultivation is recommended. Good drainage, regular watering and exposure to sunlight are essential for the plant to flourish. When the temperature drops, bring it indoors or into a greenhouse to protect it from the cold.
