What is paracetamol?
Paracetamol is a drug widely used for its analgesic and antipyretic effects. It relieves pain (headaches, muscle aches, menstrual pain) and lowers fever in the event of infection. Available in tablet, capsule, sachet, suppository and oral solution form, it is often recommended as a first-line treatment, thanks to its good tolerance and low risk of side effects when used correctly.
What are the benefits of paracetamol?
Paracetamol is a benchmark drug for a number of reasons:
Effective pain relief: indicated for mild to moderate pain, whether migraine, toothache, muscle or joint pain.
Fever reduction: helps control body temperature in the event of viral or bacterial infection.
Good digestive tolerance: unlike non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), it does not irritate the stomach and can be taken without risk of gastric ulcers.
Safe to use: when taken at the recommended dosage, it has few side effects and is suitable for children, adults and the elderly.
What is the recommended dosage of paracetamol?
The recommended dose varies according to age and weight:
To avoid the risk of overdosing, take it at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.
What are the risks of paracetamol overdose?
Paracetamol is safe at recommended doses, but taking too much can lead to serious liver complications:
Hepatotoxicity: doses in excess of 4 g/day in adults can cause liver damage, leading to acute liver failure.
Severe intoxication: in the event of overdose, initial symptoms may be discrete (nausea, abdominal pain), but liver damage appears within 24 to 48 hours.
Need for rapid treatment: in the event of a suspected overdose, it is imperative to consult a doctor immediately, so that an antidote such as N-acetylcysteine can be administered.
Can paracetamol be taken during pregnancy and breast-feeding?
Yes, paracetamol is one of the few analgesics considered safe during pregnancy, provided the recommended doses are respected. It is often recommended for pain and fever in pregnant women. It is also compatible with breast-feeding, as it passes very slowly into breast milk.
Can paracetamol be combined with other medications?
Paracetamol can be combined with certain treatments, but certain associations require precautions:
With caffeine: potentiates the analgesic effect, often used for headaches.
With anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, aspirin): a combination is possible, but must be done on medical advice.
Alcohol: increases the risk of liver toxicity, so alcohol is strongly discouraged during treatment.
What are the possible side effects of paracetamol?
When properly used, paracetamol is generally well tolerated. However, certain undesirable effects may occur:
Rarely, blood disorders such as a drop in platelets or white blood cells.
Is paracetamol an anti-inflammatory?
No, unlike ibuprofen or aspirin, paracetamol has no anti-inflammatory action. It acts primarily on pain and fever, without reducing the underlying inflammation. For pain associated with inflammation (arthritis, tendonitis), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) may be more appropriate.
Is paracetamol harmful to the kidneys?
At therapeutic doses, paracetamol has little toxicity for the kidneys. However, prolonged and excessive use can lead to progressive kidney damage. People suffering from kidney failure should consult their doctor before taking paracetamol.
Where can I buy paracetamol?
Paracetamol is available over the counter in a variety of brands and dosage forms. It is advisable to choose drugs sold in pharmacies to guarantee their quality and to benefit from the advice of a health professional.
Paracetamol is an essential pain and fever reducer, appreciated for its tolerance and efficacy. However, it must be used with caution, respecting dosage and avoiding dangerous combinations with other substances. In case of doubt, medical advice is always recommended for safe use.
