What is spondyloarthritis and how does it manifest itself?
Spondylitis is a generic term for a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that mainly affect the joints of the spine and pelvis, but can also affect other joints, the eyes, the skin and the intestine. The most common symptoms include pain and stiffness in the lower back and buttocks, which improves with exercise but does not improve with rest. This condition can lead to eye inflammation (uveitis) and considerable fatigue.
What causes spondyloarthritis?
Although the exact cause of spondyloarthritis is unknown, genetics play a key role in its onset. The HLA-B27 gene is frequently associated with various forms of spondyloarthritis. However, possessing this gene does not necessarily mean that an individual will develop the disease. Environmental factors, such as intestinal or urinary tract infections, can also trigger the disease in genetically predisposed individuals.
How is spondylitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis of spondyloarthritis combines a clinical examination, the patient's medical history, and specific tests, including imaging examinations such as X-rays or MRIs to detect changes in the joints. Blood tests may also be performed to look for inflammatory markers or the presence of the HLA-B27 gene.
What treatments are available for spondyloarthritis?
While there is no definitive cure for spondyloarthritis, several treatments can help manage symptoms and improve patients' quality of life. Options include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and inflammation, biological treatments targeting specific components of the immune system, as well as regular exercise and physiotherapy to maintain joint flexibility and mobility.
Can spondyloarthritis be prevented?
There is no proven method of preventing spondyloarthritis, but adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, can help.However, adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. It's also crucial for those at risk or showing early symptoms to consult a healthcare professional for early diagnosis and treatment.
Is spondylitis hereditary?
Yes, spondylitis has a significant genetic component. People who have a first-degree relative (parent, brother or sister) with spondyloarthritis are at greater risk of developing the disease. The HLA-B27 gene is often associated with spondyloarthritis, although its presence is not systematically synonymous with the development of the condition.
How does spondyloarthritis affect quality of life?
Spondylitis can have a significant impact on quality of life, causing pain, stiffness and fatigue, which can interfere with daily activities and sleep. Chronic inflammation can also increase the risk of developing other health problems, such as cardiovascular disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to manage symptoms and minimize the impact on quality of life.
Can you do sport with spondyloarthritis?
Exercise is a crucial part of spondyloarthritis treatment. It helps maintain flexibility and muscle strength, reduces pain and improves posture and mobility. Recommended activities include swimming, cycling and walking. However, it's important to consult a healthcare professional to develop an exercise program tailored to your condition.
Can spondyloarthritis lead to complications?
Yes, without appropriate treatment, spondylitis can lead to serious complications, such as ossification of the affected joints, resulting in reduced mobility. Other complications can include uveitis (inflammation of the eye), cardiovascular problems and an increased risk of osteoporosis.
Are there support groups for people with spondyloarthritis?
Support groups play an important role in managing spondyloarthritis, offering a space to share experiences, advice and emotional support. Many national and local associations offer meetings, online forums and educational resources to help sufferers and their families live better with the disease. We recommend that you contact these organizations for tailored support and information.
