What is squash?
Squash is a fruiting vegetable belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, like pumpkin, pumpkin and zucchini. They come in a wide variety of shapes, colors and textures. Some, like zucchini, are harvested young and eaten in summer, while others, known as winter squash, have a hard skin that allows them to be stored for several months after harvest. With their melt-in-the-mouth flesh and mild flavor, squash can be used in a wide range of culinary preparations, and offer interesting nutritional benefits.
Where does it come from?
Squash originated in Central and South America, where it was cultivated several millennia ago by pre-Columbian civilizations. Introduced to Europe in the 16th century, it quickly adapted to temperate climates and is now grown all over the world. It grows particularly well in rich, well-drained soils and sunny climates, making it the vegetable of choice in vegetable gardens.
What does it look like?
Squash comes in a wide variety of shapes and colors:
- Summer squash, like zucchini and pâtisson, have a thin, tender, edible skin, and are eaten quickly after harvest.
- Winter squashes, such as butternut, pumpkin and pumpkin, have a hard rind that protects the flesh and allows for prolonged storage.
- Colors and shapes vary, from dark green to bright yellow, orange, red or blue-gray. Some are round and smooth, others ribbed or elongated.
What are its main constituents?
- Beta-carotene: Highly present in orange squash, it helps protect cells and promote beautiful skin.
- Dietary fiber: Aids digestion and provides lasting satiety.
- Minerals: Rich in potassium, magnesium and iron, squash contributes to water and muscle balance.
- Vitamins: They contain vitamins A, C and B, which support the immune system and vitality.
- Seeds: Pumpkin seeds are an excellent source of protein, zinc and essential fatty acids.
What are their potential benefits?
- Promotes radiant skin thanks to its high beta-carotene and antioxidant content.
- Supports digestion with soft fibers that regulate intestinal transit.
- Provides a satiating effect while being low in calories, ideal in a balanced diet.
- Protects cells against oxidative stress thanks to polyphenols and vitamins.
- Brings sweetness and diversity to the kitchen, lending itself to both savory and sweet preparations.
How to use it in cooking
- Soups and veloutés: Blended with coconut milk, spices or cheese, it makes creamy, comforting soups.
- Gratin and purée: Combine with other vegetables or simply mash with a touch of butter or olive oil.
- Roasted squash: Diced and baked with herbs and spices, it reveals slightly sweet notes.
- Baking: Some varieties, like pumpkin, can be incorporated into cakes, muffins or pies for a naturally sweet touch.
- Roasted seeds: Once roasted, pumpkin seeds add crunch to salads or soups.
Can it be used outside the kitchen?
Yes, pumpkin can be used in other areas too:
- Natural cosmetics: Pumpkin seed oil is sometimes used to nourish skin and hair.
- Seasonal decoration: Certain varieties, such as pumpkin and butternut squash, are often carved or used for Halloween and autumn decorations.
- Permaculture and natural fertilizer: Leftover squash enriches composts, and some varieties cover the soil to limit erosion and maintain moisture.
Are there any precautions to take?
- Storage: Winter squash should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent premature rotting.
- Hard skin: Some varieties require a sturdy knife and care to be cut safely.
- Inedible varieties: Some ornamental squashes are not suitable for consumption.
- Rare allergies: Although uncommon, some people may be sensitive to Cucurbitaceae.
What's the difference between pumpkins, pumpkins and pumpkins?
Pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo) are generally round and orange, with fairly stringy flesh. It's often used for decoration, but less so in cooking.
Pumpkins (Cucurbita maxima) are flatter and vary from red to yellow-orange. It is sweeter and more melt-in-the-mouth than pumpkin, ideal for purées and soups.
The pumpkin, recognizable by its pear shape and edible skin, has a slightly sweet taste reminiscent of chestnuts.
